ABSTRACT
Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) remote sensing and vegetation index have great potential in the field of Chinese herbal medicine planting. In this study, the visible light image of Polygonatum odoratum planting area in Changyi district of Jilin province were acquired by UAV, and the real-time monitoring of P. odoratum planting area was realized. The green leaf index(GLI) was established, and GLI values of P. odoratum were collected used the spatial sampling points. To compare the GLI values in different periods, it was found that the GLI values of P. odoratum have three stages changing rule of rising-gentle-falling related to the germination, vigorous growth and withered of P. odoratum growth. Meanwhile, the GLI values were compared with four biomass data of P. odoratum, including plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content in leaves, and it was found that the GLI value was related to the growth potential of P. odoratum. The GLI value with a rapid increase in rising stage or at a high level in the gentle stage means the P. odoratum was in a better growth potential. GLI value has a same change trend with plant height, and has certain correlation with plant height and leaf area. However, there is no obvious relationship between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents in leaves and GLI value. The study clarified the change rule of GLI value of P. odoratum, explained the reason for the change of GLI value, and expanded the application range of GLI. The research shows that UAV and vegetation index can be applied to monitoring the Chinese herbal medicines planting, and provides a new idea for exploring more effective information extraction methods of Chinese herbal medicines.
Subject(s)
Chlorophyll A , Plant Leaves , Polygonatum , Remote Sensing TechnologyABSTRACT
En la población joven venezolana las maloclusiones representan un importante problema de salud bucal. Resulta útil la aplicación de métodos diagnósticos cefalométricos como el propuesto por Petrovic que permitan identificar el potencial de crecimiento mandibular del paciente como un instrumento para seleccionar la modalidad de tratamiento. El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los grupos rotacionales y las categorías auxológicas en pacientes venezolanos, de ambos géneros, entre 7 y 10 años, que acudieron a la Facultad de Odontología de la UCV, durante el periodo 2006-2010. Se aplicó el método cefalométrico de Petrovic para la identificación del tipo rotacional y categoría auxológica en las radiografías cefálicas laterales de pacientes sin tratamiento ortopédico ni ortodóncico previo. El tipo rotacional más frecuente fue el P1N, seguido por R2D, R1N y P2D; en ambos géneros el tipo rotacional P1N fue el más frecuente, sin embargo en el género femenino, también se observaron los tipos P2D, R2D y R1N. El grupo rotacional más frecuente fue P1NOB y en segundo lugar R1NOB. Los grupos rotacionales P1NOB y R1NOB fueron los más frecuentes en las niñas y P1NOB en los niños. La determinación del tipo rotacional y la categoría auxológica es una herramienta diagnóstica importante para orientar el plan de tratamiento más acorde según el potencial de crecimiento del paciente...
In the young venezuelan population, malocclusions are an important oral health problem. It is useful the application of cephalometric diagnostic methods as the proposed by Petrovic that allows to identify the mandibular growth potential of the patient as a tool to select the appropriate treatment modality. The aim of this study was to identify the rotational auxologic groups and categories in Venezuelan patients for both genders, age between 7 and 10 years, who had been attended in the Faculty of Dentistry of the Universidad Central of Venezuela, during the period 2006-2010. Was applied Petrovic cephalometric method for identifying the rotational type and auxologic category in the cephalic lateral radiographs of patients without previous orthodontic or orthopedic treatment. The most frequent rotational type was P1N, followed by R2D, R1N and P2D; in both genders P1N rotational type was the most common, however in the female gender, P2D, and R2D and R1N types were also observed. The most frequent rotational group was P1NOB and secondly R1NOB. R1NOB and P1NOB were rotational groups most frequent in girls and in boys was P1NOB. The determination of the rotational type and auxologic category is important to guide the treatment plan according to the patient's growth potential...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cephalometry , Mandibular Diseases/diagnosis , Mandibular Diseases , Mandibular Advancement , Malocclusion/diagnosis , Radiography, DentalABSTRACT
[Objective]To investigate the possible etiological factors,pathogenesis,diagnostic criteria,clinic characteristics and the choice of treatment of the adolescent instability of lower cervical spine.[Method]The diagnosis,therapies and follow-up materials of the two typical cases were analyzed and researched with the available literatures.[Result]The two cases showed dissappearance of syndroms.The Roentgen film showed that the operative segments have gotten bone-fuse.Results were excellent according to Henderson-evaluation classification without any complications at 3 and 4 years follow-up.[Conclusion]The degeneration is probable one of the etiological factors causing adolescent instability of lower cervical spine.It is resemble on the pathogenesis,diagnostic criteria and the choice of treatment between the adolescent and the adult.But the each characteristic on the pathogenesis,pathologic process,clinical situation should be remarked.The growth potentiality and other correlated factors should be paid attention to for the choice of treatment.
ABSTRACT
Cell cycle associated nuclear proteins such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions(AgNORs) and the family of nuclear proteins identified by the Ki-67 epitope, have been primarily utilized for estimating of growth potential of neoplasms. Although PCNA and AgNORs staining are possible in the paraffin-embedded tissue, Ki-67 staining had been only possible on frozen sections. Recently monoclonal antibody MIB-1 is available, and reacts with the Ki-67 epitope in paraffin-embedded tissue. Twenty eight astrocytic tumors in paraffin-embedded, archival materials were stained by immunohistochemical technique for the MIB-1, PCNA, and by silver colloid stain for AgNORs. The MIB-1 labeling indicies(LI) ranged from 2 to 25%(10+/-7.58) for 10 glioblastomas; from 2 to 15%(7+/-3.74) for 11 anaplastic astrocytomas; and from 1 to 5%(3+/-1.91) for low grade astrocytomas. Glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas exhibited significantly higher MIB-1 LI than their benign counterparts(p<0.05). The AgNORs count per cell ranged from 1.3 to 3.1(1.96+/-0.57) for 10 glioblastomas: from 1.2 to 3.1(1.9+/-0.64) for 11 anaplastic astrocytomas: and from 0.8 to 1.5(1.2+/-0.26) for low grade astrocytomas. Glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas exhibited significantly higher AgNORs count than their benign counterparts(p<0.05). The PCNA LI ranged from 10 to 40%(24.5+/-10.39) for 10 glioblastomas; from 5 to 20%(11.6+/-5.24) for 11 anaplastic astrocytomas; and from 5 to 10%(7.1+/-2.67) for low grade astrocytomas. The differences of PCNA LI between glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas(p<0.01), and between glioblastomas and low grade astrocytomas(p<0. 001) were statistically significant. Linear regression analysis showed correlations between MIB-1 LI and AgNORs count(Spearmans r=0.4306, p<0.05), between PCNA LI and AgNORs count(Spearman's r=0.586, p<0.05) and between PCNA and MIB-1 LI(Spearman's r=0.4523, p<0.05). These findings suggest that LI of MIB-1, PCNA and AgNORs count are correlated each other, and can be used as helpful markers for differentiating astrocytic tumors in addition to conventional staining methods.